Thermohydrometer



July 3, 1934.

| EDELMANN 1,965,456

THERMOHYDROMETER Filed Dec. 51, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I N VEN TOR.

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35 table or scale being'so displayed that it will not Patented July 3,1934 PATENT OFFICE THERMOHYDROMETER Leo Edelmann,

Chicago, Ill., assignor to E.

Edelmann & 00., Chicago, 111., a, corporation of Illinois ApplicationDecember 31, 1929, Serial No. 417,763

' 6 Claims.

My present invention relates to improvements in thermohydrometers, andparticularly to instruments of this sort intended and adapted for use intesting anti-freezing solutions in automobile radiators, and in otherconnections where a readily portable and conveniently usedthermohydrometer is required.

An object of my invention is to provide a thermo-hydrometer of thesyringe type and of such construction that the thermometer and the gaugefloat are separated to thus avoid confusion of the scales and to permitmore accurate and easy reading of the instrument.

Another object is to so construct the. parts that a. single bulb can beemployed to take up the test quantity of liquid and to bring the testliquid into the instrument in such a manner that the thermometer and thefloat gauge will simultaneously give indications.

Yet another object is to provide a thermohydrometer of such constructionthat the float gauge scale and the thermometer scale can be read withoutlooking at either scale through the liquid.

Still another object is to provide a thermo-hydrometer which is of suchconstruction that it will take an ordinary float gauge scaled to givereadings for the particular liquid being tested, and an ordinarythermometer of glass'which will not require expert incorporation intothe float elementor other special construction or manipulation.

Still another object is to so construct the parts that a correctiontable or scale can be applied at a point to be readily viewed by theuser, the

be read through any part of the liquid.

Yet another object is to provide a thermo-hy drometer of the characterset forth which is of simple and inexpensive construction which has the.parts thereof so assembled that they can be readily replaced whenrequired through breakage or other causes; and. which can be used for.testing various liquids by having a single float marked with differentindicating scales, or by the simple operation of substituting specialfloats. marked for the diiferent liquids.

With the aboveand other objects in view which will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art, this mo-hydrometer constructed in accordance with myinvention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal or vertical sectional view through the middleportion of the instrument.

Fig. 3 is a transverse or horizontal sectional view through thestructure substantially on line 3-3 of Fig.2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the modifiedconstruction.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to that of Fig. 4 showing another modifiedform. I

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fragmentary portion of asomewhat modified construction and arrangement of the parts.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of an instrument constructed'in accordancewith the showing in Fig. 1 with the location of the correction scaleemployed.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view in elevation of the upper end of a modifiedform of instrument with yet another arrangement of the correction scale.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view on the line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a detail View showing a correction scale such as might beemployed with the modification illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9.

In the testing of anti-freezing solutions as used in automobileradiators, and many other liquid solutions, it is impractical, and oftenimpossible, to have the liquid temperature coincide with the temperatureat which the float scale is graduated, and with many solutions a slightvariation in the temperature of the liquid will cause a sufficientvariation in the behavior of the float to render an ordinary instrumentinaccurate and entirely impractical to give anything except approximatereadings. These approximate readings will vary many points fromaccuracy, depending upon the nature of the solution and the variationsin the temperature thereof. To overcome such conditionsthermo-hydrometers have been employed with correction tables or scalesto permit the user to compute and obtain a reasonably accurate readingfor the particular temperature of the test liquid. Ordinarily, suchthermo-hydrometers are constructed with the thermometer bodilyincorporated within the hydrometer float, and in some instancescorrection tables or scales are also inserted bodily within the floatelement. 7

The assembly of the thermometer and float as a scale gauge portion hasthe advantage of locating the thermometer to take temperature readingswith the scale of the thermometer adjacent the location of the specificgravity or other gauge scale, but oftentimes the solution to be testedis of a cloudy nature or is otherwise so lacking in transparency as toobscure a clear view of the thermometer scale, and it is particularlydifiicult to read the thermometer scale and then make reckonings fromthe necessarily small figures of a correction table when the same isinc-orporated with the float; Further, where an instrument of this sortis employed byan automobile service station or other user required totest antifreezing solutions having various different characteristics,such as denatured alcohol, distilled glycerine, ethylene glycol, and thelike, it will be necessary to have a separate hydrometer for eachdifierent solution, or if a single syringe hydrometer be used, it willbe necessary to fit a new and different thermometer float for eachliquid. This requires additional trouble and expense, and it is apurpose of my invention to provide a thermo-hydrometer structure withwhich the thermometer or temperature indicator is a permanent part, thefloat element to be graduated with several scales for the diflerentsolutions likely to be tested or be readily replaceable with an ordinarystandard float for the particular solution.

As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the syringe hydrometer follows outsubstantially standard lines and presents an instrument which is readilyused and understood by an ordinary mechanic. The barrel 1, of glass orother transparent material is made up substantially after the usualmanner employed in syringe hydrometers, and the liquid suction andexpelling bulb 2 is of standard form. The float 3 is of usualconstruction, having the gauge scale 4 thereof marked oif withindications in one or more scales for the particular solution to betested. The suction tip 5 is carried by an enlarged sleeve 6 which has aliquid pocket 7 therein.

This sleeve 6 is somewhat larger than in ordinary syringe hydrometerconstruction and has a plug 8 closing the open top thereof to confineliquid within the pocket or reservoir 7. This plug 8 has an opening 9 toreceive one end of the barrel 1, and a bead 10 is provided on the barrelto hold the plug and consequently the connecting sleeve 6 in apredetermined relation. The opening 9 is ofiset laterally with respectto the pocket '7 and opening 11 is provided through the plug to receivethe thermometer housing 12 formed of glass tubing or other suitablematerial.

A mounting sleeve 13 fitted around the upper end of the barrel 1 has athermometerhousing 7 extension 14 thereon and this extension isprodrometer to be hung up or otherwise suspended when not in use.

A thermometer 18 is mounted in the housing 12 with its lower or bulb end19 within the pocket or reservoir 7, the lower end of the housing 12being preferably sealed around the thermometer tubes by a plug orcementitious material as indicated at 20 so that the liquid will notrise within the housing around the thermometer tube. A thermometer scalecan be placed within the housing 12 adjacent the thermometer tube asshown at 21, and a correction scale can be inserted in the upper end ofthe thermometer housing as shown at 22, to be visible through the glasstube.

A perforated plug 23 can be placed in the upper end of the barrel 1 tolimit upward movement of the float gauge, and spacing points 24 can beprovided on the float to hold the same. properly centered. If desired,the thermometer housing 12 can be assembled as a unit and the upper endof this housing can be closed by a plug or cementitious material asindicated at 25. Where the housing 12 is sealed at both ends thethermometer will be insulated from influence by outside temperatures anda better and more accurate temperature reading will be accomplished fromthe volume of liquid within the pocket or reservoir 7 surrounding thethermometer bulb 19.

My improved thermo-hydrometer will be used in the ordinary manner, thenozzle 5 being inserted in the liquid in an automobile radiator or othercontainer and the bulb 2 being squeezed and then released to createsuction to draw a sufficient quantity into the liquid pocket orreservoir 7 and the barrel 1 to permit floating or submergence of thefloat element, in accordance with the strength and character of thesolution. The liquid in the pocket '7 completely surrounds the bulb 19and will consequently influence the thermometer to indicate thetemperature thereof, and it will of cour.:e be understood that thetemperature of the liquid around the float element will be to allintents and purposes the same. The user can view the indication on thefloat scale at the liquid level without taking readings through theliquid, the thermometer scale is in clear view, and the correction tableor scale is displayed to be readily viewed.

Each of these scales and. tables can be viewed from a single side of theinstrument by only slight shifting of the eye and it will thus beapparent that most accurate reading and calculations can be made.

As the parts are illustrated in the modification shown in Fig. 4, thebarrel 1a. and thermometer housing 12a. are blown and fused or otherwiseformed together to provide a liquid pocket or reservoir 7a between thesame, and an extending nipple 26 is provided to have a piece of rubberhose or a like member 27 applied thereto to form a nozzle to take in anddischarge the liquid. If desired, the nipple 26 might be extended toform the nozzle and the parts might be otherwise changed or varied. Inassembling this form of the thermo-hydrometer the float wouldnecessarily be inserted through the upper end of the housing 1a andlikewise the thermometer, a plug or other portion 200:. being providedto seal around the thermometer to exclude liquid from the hous- In Fig.5 I have shown another modified construction with which a cup member 28of glass or other suitable material, is provided with openings toreceive the ends of the barrel 1b and the housing 12b. The barrel andhousing can be sealed in the openings of the cup member 28, and a nippleand nozzle might be applied as illustrated in Fig. 4. As an additionalseal a rubber cup 29 can be applied over the cup member 28 with aportion 30 sealing around the barrel 1b and the housing 12b, and thenozzle 31 can be formed as a part of this rubber cup or cap 29.

In Fig. 6 the sleeve 6 is extended to a greater length to form a housing32 fitted as an extension on the lower end of the barrel 1, and a liquidreservoir 33 is molded or otherwise formed in this housing portionadjacent the nozzle 34. A thermometer 35 is mounted with its bulb endreceived through an opening in the housing so that the bulb is withinthe reservoir 33 and the upper end of the thermometer canbe supported inan opening in anextension 36. The thermometer 35 is readily inserted inthe desired mounting as extension 36 is of rubber or similar materialand can be stretched over the end of thermometer 35. The thermometerscale might be applied as shown at 37 and a correction scale of sheetcelluloid or other suitable material can be applied as shown at 38. Thismodified construction eliminates the use of the thermometer housing, andmight be found particularly advantageous for use in some connections.

With the modification illustrated in Fig. '7 the correction table orscale is carried on .a sleeve 39, of celluloid or other suitablematerial fitted around the lower end of the barrel 1. This sleeve is ofsufiicient length to take the correction table indications, but is notmade so long as to obscure the gauge stem of the float element.

As the parts are illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 the upper end of thethermometer housing 120 is made of triangular form, or otherwisepolygonal, as indicated at 40. This polygonal portion would be fitted ina corresponding shaped recess in the connecting sleeve 13, and acorrection table sheet 41 as shown in Fig. 10, having a number of tablesthereon arranged in vertical columns, can be fitted in this polygonalportion so that a separate scale will be visible through each of thefiat sides. Where the correction table or scale is made to indicate fordifferent liquids, the gauge stem of the float element will be markedwith indications for the particular liquids or solutions covered by thecorrection tables, or separate floats for each particular solution canbe readily inserted for use in the barrel by removing and. replacing theplug 23 and bulb 2.

While I have herein shown and described certain specific embodiments ofmy invention and have suggested only certain possible modifications andchanges in the construction, assembly, and use of the parts, it will beappreciated that other changes and variations can be resorted to withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. A thermo-hydrometer of the syringe type comprising a transparentbarrel, a transparent thermometer housing, a thermometer sealed in saidhousing and having a temperature influenced portion thereof extendingbeyond the sealed end of said housing, a sleeve member encasing aroundthe end of the thermometer housing over the extended portion of thethermometer and connected with one end of the barrel to provide a liquidpocket around the extended portion of the thermometer and incommunication with said barrel, a liquid nozzle on said sleeve, means 2.A syringe thermo-hydrometer comprising a transparent barrel, atransparent thermometer housing, a thermometer contained and sealed insaid housing and having a temperature influenced portion thereofextending beyond the sealed end of said housing, a sleeve memberencasing around the end of the thermometer housing over the extendedportion of the thermometer and connected with the lower end of thebarrel to provide a liquid pocket around the temperature influencedportion of the thermometer and in communication with said barrel, and agauge float in said barrel.

3. A syringe thermo-hydrometer comprising a cylindrical glass floatbarrel, a gauge float in said barrel, a cylindrical glass thermometerhousing, a thermometer entirely housed within and sealed in one end ofsaid housing with temperature influencedv portions extending to beexposed outside the sealed end, and a sleeve having a pocket therein andprovided with openings for reception of one end of said barrel and thesealed end of the housing.

4. A syringe thermo-hydrometer comprising a float barrel, a gauge floatin said barrel, a thermometer having an extended glass tube, and arubber nozzle carrying sleeve having a liquid receiving pocket thereinand provided with openings for reception and mounting and sealing-in ofsaid thermometer with a temperature influenced portion within the pocketand said barrel with the lower end opening into said pocket.

5. A thermo-hydrometer comprising, a transparent liquid receivingbarrel, a rubber nozzle carrying sleeve having a liquid pocket thereinprovided with two openings in communication with said pocket in one ofwhich one end of the liquid barrel is fitted and held in liquid-tightconnection, a syringe bulb mounted at the other end of the liquidbarrel, a float gauge in said barrel, and a thermometer fitted inliquid-tight connection in the other opening of the sleeve with atemperature influenced portion within the pocket.

6. A thermo-hydrometer comprising, a transparent cylindrical liquidreceiving barrel, a rubher nozzle carrying sleeve having a liquidreceiving pocket in communication with the nozzle provided with twoopenings in communication with the nozzle, one of said openings beingadapted to receive and hold one end of the" liquid barrel in liquidtight connection to communicate with the pocket, a bulb fitted at theother end of said liquid barrel, a thermometer having one end fitted inliquid-tight connection through the other opening of the sleeve with atemperature influenced lportion presented within the pocket, and meansto hold and support the other end of said thermometer to maintain thesame in disposition substantially parallel with the longitudinal extentof the liquid barrel.

LEO EDELIVIANN.

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